Who were the Romans, what did they do, and how did their empire crumble?

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October 10, 2021

The largest empire in the prehistoric era was the Roman Empire. Its empire was located on the Mediterranean, and Rome served as its capital. The Empire ruled from 27 BC, when Octavian succeeded Augustus as emperor, until its collapse in 476 AD, which marked the end of the Ancient World and the beginning of the Middle Ages, often known as the Dark Ages. Britain (except for Scotland), Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Germany, Egypt, the Levant, Crimea, Switzerland, and the northern coast of Africa were all formerly a part of the Roman Empire. Greek was a significant secondary language, especially in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire, while Latin was the official language of the Roman Empire. The Roman Peace The Pax Romana, which began with Augustus' administration, lasted for 200 years. At this period, the empire saw unparalleled levels of social stability and economic success, which increased its cohesion. Provinces seldom saw uprisings, but when they did, they were suppressed "mercilessly and speedily." Because he outlived several deserving potential successors, Augustus was unable to establish the rules of dynastic succession. How did the empire go to ruin? Around 500 years passed until the last Roman emperor in the west, Romulus Augustus, was overthrown by the barbarian leader Odoacer. On the other hand, the eastern portion, which comprised the Balkans, Anatolia, the Levant, and Egypt, endured for an additional thousand years. The Byzantine Empire was the name given to the eastern area. Constantinople, now known as Istanbul, served as its capital. When Germanic migrations and invasions outstripped the empire's capacity to integrate the migrants and ward off the invaders, the Western Roman Empire started to fall apart around the beginning of the fifth century. All assaults were successfully repelled by the Romans, most notably that of Attila. However, the empire had so many Germanic peoples absorbed into it that had a shaky commitment to Rome that it started to fall apart. Most historians concur that Romulus Augustulus' forced resignation in 476 in favor of the Germanic general Odoacer marked the end of the Western Roman Empire.